Monthly Archives: February 2012

Distribution of Cretaceous forests has been tentatively mapped with interesting polar region findings 0

According to the paper, high carbon dioxide levels may account for the Cretaceous’ polar forests A study, using a Cretaceous fossil wood database, concluded that Araucaria (including monkey puzzle trees, Araucaria araucana) and podocarpoid conifer forests covered most humid regions of the Earth in the Early Cretaceous. Cypress woodlands existed at mid-latitudes, and pines invaded [...]

An excellent introductory article on the science of properly siting wind turbines — from the National Center for Atmospheric Research 0

Citation AtmosNews, Wind power wisdom: NCAR science helps society get more energy from turbines, National Center for Atmospheric Research (07 February 2012) A scientifically interesting tidbit (from the article) about turbine gearboxes and wind shear Turbulence can be a problem for the structural integrity of wind turbines.  Therefore, the day to night characteristics of the [...]

“Abnormalities” in structure-related gray and white matter brain volumes may predispose people to stimulant drug abuse — a study with obvious caveats 0

Knowing as little as we do about the intricacies of brain function, we are reduced to looking at gross correlations for insights into the human behavior that is allegedly based on it A comparison of 50 stimulant drug abusers, their 50 non-drug abusing siblings, and 50 “normals” indicated that 100 siblings all exhibited enlarged amydalas [...]

30,000-year old plant tissue buried in late Pleistocene permafrost has been regenerated into living, seed-bearing plants 0

This happy happenstance courtesy of nesting Ice Age squirrels A Russian research team found Late Pleistocene (therefore fossil) Siberian squirrel burrows 38 meters below today’s ground surface. They found the squirrels’ stash of seeds and immature Silene stenophylla fruit tissue inside and radiocarbon dated the fruit to 31,800 ± 300 years ago. The team propagated [...]

Alpine chipmunk population in Yosemite National Park has been forced 500 meters in elevation upslope — and is less genetically diverse than 100 years ago — due to climate warming 0

An answer and a new question Climate warming has forced Tamias alpinus, the alpine chipmunk that lives in Yosemite National Park, more than 500 meters elevation uphill. The population’s genetic diversity is now reduced compared to what it had been about 100 years ago.  The population is also scattered into geographical pockets with noticeable genetic [...]

Picture of the world’s smallest vertebrate (a New Guinea frog) sitting on about 20 percent of a U.S. dime — courtesy of “ScienceNow” 0

Paedophryne amauensis discovered in New Guinea rain forest See the picture and explanation here: Jane J. Lee, ScienceShot: Smaller Than a Dime, Frog Is World’s Tiniest Vertebrate, ScienceNow (11 January 2012) Adults of these species are 7.7 millimeters in length. The previous littlest vertebrate record was held by females of an Indonesian carp-like species that [...]

Distinguishing speciation via short mitochondrial DNA segments is conceptually like bar coding — an excellent overview by Michael Gross in “Current Biology” 0

This procedure doesn’t work in plants, but, for animals — Knowing where to look in long DNA strands has always been the problem — whether it be identifying the source of an abnormality or finding a shortcut label for whatever it is research wants to identify. Species identification via mitochondrial DNA “bar coding” has been [...]

Research in rats indicates that traumatic brain injury appears to predispose the brain to heightened fear responses, under conditions of subsequently applied emotional stress — In other words, it may be that the pool of potential PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) patients is significantly wider and deeper than we had thought 0

Causative pathway demonstrated in rats From UCLA’s press release: UCLA life scientists and their colleagues have provided the first evidence of a causal link between traumatic brain injury and an increased susceptibility to post-traumatic stress disorder. Their new study . . . also suggests that people who suffer even a mild traumatic brain injury are [...]

Handedness apparently affects even our non-spatial preferences — another tiny drip in the steady stream of human irrationality proofs 0

Not surprising, when you think about it The press release regarding this study indicated that: Through a series of experiments, they found that, in general, people tend to prefer the things that they encounter on the same side as their dominant hand. When participants were asked which of two products to buy, which of two [...]

High levels of deamidation of “cartilage oligomeric matrix protein” appears to characterize osteoarthritis in the hip — but not the knee — which led the research team involved to wonder whether arthritic knees have a superior capacity for healing 0

Biochemistry in action A study of 450 osteoarthritis patients revealed that the chemistry of extracellular (joint) proteins works differently in hips versus knees. The study, according its authors, seems to indicate that deamidation of asparagine into aspartic acid is at work in both joints, but the damage is continually repaired in knees. Citation Jonathan B. [...]